How do product characteristics affect conveyor selection? How do you choose the right conveying method for your product?

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  One of the most significant factors influencing conveyor design is the product being conveyed. Understanding your product’s characteristics is essential when selecting the right type of conveyor.

  Here are five key product attributes to consider when choosing a conveyor system:

  1. Product weight
  2. Product shape and dimensions
  3. Product edges and surface finish
  4. Product temperature
  5. Special product characteristics

  

  Product Weight

  Consider the total load on the conveyor belt: the individual product weight multiplied by the maximum number of items expected on the conveyor at any one time. Will the product weight change during transport? For example, if assembly occurs directly on the conveyor, it’s critical to understand whether each unit’s weight will increase (or decrease) and what the final expected weight per item will be.

  Product Shape and Dimensions

  It’s not enough to know the product’s external dimensions—you must also consider its profile as it sits on the conveying surface. Parts with highly irregular shapes or uneven bottom contours are often best handled on pallet-style or tote-based conveyors that provide stable support.

  Product Edges and Surfaces

  Beyond overall shape, pay close attention to the condition and nature of the product’s edges and surfaces:

  • Does the product have sharp edges or abrasive surfaces?
  • Is the surface smooth, sticky, or tacky?
  • Does it have a “finished” surface that must be protected from scratches or marks?
  • Is there a leading edge that must remain oriented in a specific direction during transport?

  Product Temperature

  The product’s temperature is a critical detail. Additionally, if the product will be actively cooled or heated while on the conveyor (e.g., post-oven cooling or pre-chill warming), this must be accounted for in both belt material selection and system design.

  Special Product Characteristics

  Unique product properties can ultimately determine which conveyor technology is appropriate. These may include:

  • Is the product food? If so, what type, and how is it packaged?
  • Is the product explosive or flammable?
  • Is it sensitive to vibration or shock?
  • Does it contain electronic components?
  • Is it coated with machining oil, lubricants, or other chemicals?
  • Will multiple product types—each with different physical properties—run on the same line?